Monument record MDO4809 - Hod Hill, Stourpaine
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Summary
An Iron Age hillfort with multiple ramparts forming a roughly square enclosure. The enclosed area is 54 acres. There are steep slopes on three sides, and a less steep slope to the south, where the ramparts are bigger. Parts of the interior have been ploughed in the past; finds recovered can be seen in the Durden Collection in the British Museum. Excavations by Sir Ian Richmond (1951 to 1958) revealed a sequence of defences on the same alignment as the surviving earthworks. It had long been assumed that the ploughing of parts of the interior had destroyed or very badly damaged the remains of settlement in these areas. However, recent geophysical survey by David Stewart has revealed a detailed layout of features such as hut circles, pits and trackways throughout the fort.
The record for this monument has been enhanced with support from Wessex Water.
Map
Type and Period (1)
Full Description
Hod Hill: an Iron Age hillfort of massive proportions occupying the summit of a steep sided plateau above the River Stour. It has the unique distinction of having a Roman Fort located within its NW corner which in part utilises the defences.
The Iron Age fort is bivallate except on the steeper western slope where it is univallate. There are two entrances, both inturned, one at the NE corner known as the Steepleton Gate, the other at the western end of the S rampart. The former has a massive hornwork, the latter an extra line of rampart and ditch. Excavations (Boyd Dawkins <3> and Richmond <12>) have indicated at least three phases of construction commencing with a box rampart. Pottery ranges through Iron Age 'A,B,C' and Maiden Castle 'B': other finds include currency bars and some 40 Durotrigian and possibly Durotrigian gold and silver coins.
Jrs 50 to 57 and pps 23 1957 222-3
The fort fell very early in the Roman invasion (there is evidence of assault by ballista) and the site was utilised in part for a Roman Fort. This encloses some 4.5ha and was of earth with timber buildings; it housed a mixed garrison of legionaries and auxiliaries.
On the evidence of coins and pottery the occupation was firmly Claudian but short (43-51 AD). The majority of the finds are in the British Museum.
An Iron Age hillfort and Roman Fort generally as described above; both in good condition.1:2500 survey revised. <10>
Full report on early finds from Hod Hill in the Durden Collection (BM) and on Richmond's excavation 1951-8. <11>
Detailed report of Hod Hill (totally enclosing an area of 54 acres). An additional unfinished Iron Age outwork, enclosing 1 1/2 acres, lies at the NW corner of the fort. This feature extended the defences, but there was no access to the interior of the hill fort. A low lynchet bisected the earthwork, perhaps dividing gardens associated with the Roman garrison. Plan 1 (enlargement of RCHM plan to 1:2500 scale) and Plan 2. <13>
DUNUM - Probably the Roman fort at Hod Hill. <14>
ST 857 106. Hod Hill. Listed in gazetteer as a multivallate hillfort covering 22ha. <15>
A re-appraisal of the ballistraria at Hod Hill suggests that Richmond's interpretation is incorrect, as this form of defence only became common in the later C3rd, and that the types of artillery in use during the life of the Roman fort did not require special platforms. <16>
Re-interpretaion of the pre-Flavian and Claudian periods at Hod Hill. <18>
Sources/Archives (26)
- <1> SWX9212 Article in serial: Gomme G L (ed ). 1844. Romano-British remains, parts 1 and 2. Vol 1.
- <2> SDO9822 Monograph: Gomme, G L. 1886. Archaeology: A classified collection of the chief contents of “The Gentleman’s Magazine” from 1731-1868. Volume 2..
- <3> SDO16985 Article in serial: Boyd-Dawkins, W. 1900. 'The Exploration of Hod Hill, near Blandford, Dorset, in 1897'; The Archaeological Journal.
- <4> SDO18020 Map: Ordnance Survey. Ordnance Survey 25 inch scale map. 25 inch. 1901.
- <5> SDO12591 Monograph: Crawford, O G S and Keiller, A. 1928. Wessex from the Air. 36-41.
- <6> SDO14252 Article in serial: Brailsford, J W. 1950. Interim Report on Preliminary Excavations at Hod Hill, 1949; Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society. 71. 41-50.
- <7> SDO51 Serial: Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society. 1952. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society for 1951. 73. 105.
- <8> SDO20448 Article in serial: Brailsford, J W, and Richmond, I A. 1952. British Museum Excavations at Hod Hill, Dorset. British Museum Quarterly 17 (3), 49-50.
- <9> SDO54 Serial: Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society. 1956. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society for 1954. 76. 95-96.
- <10> SDO11903 Unpublished document: Quinnell, N V. Various. Field Investigators Comments NVQ. F1 NVQ 08-JAN-62.
- <11> SDO14258 Monograph: Brailsford, J W. 1962. Hod Hill. Antiquities from Hod Hill in the Durden Collection. Volume 1. I.
- <12> SDO14257 Monograph: Richmond, I. 1968. Hod Hill. Excavations carried out between 1951 and 1958 for the Trustees of the British Museum. II.
- <13> SDO136 Monograph: Royal Commission on Historic Monuments. 1970. An Inventory of Historical Monuments in the County of Dorset, Volume III (Central) Part 2. 2. 263-265.
- <14> SDO20451 Monograph: Rivet, A L F, and Smith, C. 1979. The Place-Names of Roman Britain. 344.
- <15> SDO17414 Monograph: Hogg, A H A. 1979. British hillforts: an index. 205.
- <16> SDO20449 Article in serial: Campbell, D B. 1984. Ballistaria in first to mid-third century Britain: a reappraisal. Britannia 15, 75-84.
- <17> SDO16650 Monograph: Manning, W H. 1985. Catalogue of Romano-British Iron Tools, Fittings and Weapons in the British Museum.
- <18> SDO20450 Article in serial: Maxfield, Valerie A. 1986. Pre-Flavian Forts and their Garrisons. Britannia 17. 60, 65, 66.
- <19> SDO12420 Serial: Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society. 1998. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society for 1997. 119. 175.
- <20> SDO11551 Serial: Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society. 2002. Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society for 2001. 123. 125.
- <21> SDO16979 Unpublished document: Stewart, D. 2007. A Geophysical Survey at Hod Hill, Stourpaine, Dorset. Supplementary Study.
- <22> SDO14259 Article in serial: Stewart, D A. 2009. Hod Hill: "Too much wasted by cultivation for definite survey'; Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society.
- <23> SDO14738 Index: Historic England. Historic England Archive.
- <23> SDO17130 Digital archive: Lock, G, and Ralston, I. 2017. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland [ONLINE]. EN3595.
- <24> SDO17384 Unpublished document: Royal Commission on Historic Monuments. Externally held archive: RCH01/096 RCHME Inventory: Dorset III (Central).
- <25> SDO14739 Digital archive: National Record of the Historic Environment. 206122.
Finds (0)
Related Monuments/Buildings (1)
Related Events/Activities (7)
- Event - Intervention: Hod Hill, Stourpaine; excavation 1949 (EDO7142)
- Event - Intervention: Hod Hill, Stourpaine; excavations 1830-39 (EDO6795)
- Event - Intervention: Hod Hill, Stourpaine; excavations 1897 (EDO7144)
- Event - Intervention: Hod Hill, Stourpaine; excavations 1951 to 1958 (EDO7148)
- Event - Survey: Hod Hill, Stourpaine; geophysical survey 2007 (EDO7143)
- Event - Intervention: New water pipe, Hod Hill, Stourpaine; observations and recording 1997 (EDO7151)
- Event - Intervention: New water pipe, Hod Hill, Stourpaine; observations and recording 2001 (EDO6796)
Location
Grid reference | Centred ST 856 106 (717m by 626m) |
---|---|
Map sheet | ST81SE |
Civil Parish | Stourpaine; Dorset |
Unitary Authority | Dorset |
Protected Status/Designation
Other Statuses/References
- Legacy UID: Dorset Sites and Monuments Record: 2 052 011 A
- Legacy UID: National Monuments Record: ST 81 SE 20
- Legacy UID: National Record of the Historic Environment: 206122
- Royal Commission Inventory Reference: Stourpaine 11
Record last edited
Jan 14 2024 8:26AM