Monument record MWX787 - Acetone factory at Holton Heath, Wareham St Martin
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Summary
Acetone factory - constructed either in late 1916 or early 1917 to manufacture the solvent acetone for the Royal Naval Cordite Factory. The plant used an innovative method of manufacture using fermentation technology. The process used at Holton Heath was developed by the first, future president of Israel, Chaim Weizmann. It is also notable for the use of reinforced concrete in the construction of the fermentation vessels. Most of the ground plan of the plant may be traced, additionally six out of the original eight fermentation vessel and the former Cooker House survive.
Map
Type and Period (7)
- WOOD CHEMICAL WORKS (First World War to Mid 20th Century - 1916 AD to 1934 AD)
- ACETONE FACTORY (First World War to Early 20th Century - 1916 AD to 1927 AD)
- GRANARY (First World War to Early 20th Century - 1916 AD to 1927 AD)
- FERMENTING BLOCK (First World War - 1916 AD to 1917 AD)
- AIR RAID SHELTER (Second World War - 1939 AD to 1945 AD)
- OFFICE (Early 20th Century - 1927 AD to 1927 AD)
- WORKSHOP (Early 20th Century - 1927 AD to 1927 AD)
Full Description
The Acetone Factory lies within the boundary of the former Royal Naval Cordite Factory Holton Heath. The Acetone Factory was constructed either in late 1916 or early 1917 to manufacture acetone using biotechnology through zymotechnology or fermentation technology. This technology had been developed prior to the war on the continent and also by a team at Manchester University which included Chaim Weizmann, the first future president of Israel. He left his team and while working on his own discovered a bacterium which could ferment a starch source directly to ethanol, acetone and butanol. The first purpose-built plant for the manufacture of acetone using this process was the plant built at the RNCF Holton Heath. The solvent acetone was required in large quantities for the manufacture of cordite.
During the 1920s with a reduced requirement for explosives less acetone was needed. Also by the late 1920s the chemists at Holton Heath had pioneered a new solventless process for the manufacture of cordite which dispensed with the need for acetone. The plant probably ceased operation in the late 1920s and was partially demolished in the 1934.
Most of the ground plan of the plant may be traced and a number of components survive. These include to the rear footings of the granary, six out of the original eight reinforced concrete fermentation vessels and the Cooker House converted into workshops, offices and stores. The Acetone Factory has been recorded by ground photography and a ground plan and cross-section of one of the tanks drawn. <1>
Sources/Archives (8)
- <1> SWX3255 Unpublished document: Cocroft, Wayne D. 1988. RCHME Dangerous Energy Project: Field Investigator's Comments. 26-FEB-1998.
- <2> SDO16466 Unpublished document: Cockroft, W D. 1996. Dangerous Energy Project Archive Survey Report. Royal Naval Cordite Factory, Acetone Factory, Holton Heath, Dorset.
- <2.1> SWX4510 Article in serial: Nathan, F L. 1919. The manufacture of acetone,. Vol 38. p271-28.
- <2.2> SWX4511 Article in serial: Bud, R. 1992. The zymotechnic roots of biotechnology. p127-144.
- <2.3> SWX4512 Article in serial: England, J. 1993. Acetone production at RNCF Holton Heath acorns urgently needed. Vol 18, part 3. p189-22.
- <2.4> SWX4509 Monograph: Bowditch, M R, and Hayward, L. 1996. A Pictorial Record of the Royal Naval Cordite Factory Holton Heath.
- <3> SDO14738 Index: Historic England. Historic England Archive. BF055255.
- <4> SDO14739 Digital archive: National Record of the Historic Environment. 1116956.
Finds (0)
Related Monuments/Buildings (0)
Related Events/Activities (2)
Location
Grid reference | SY 94550 90420 (point) |
---|---|
Map sheet | SY99SW |
Civil Parish | Wareham St Martin; Dorset |
Unitary Authority | Dorset |
Protected Status/Designation
Other Statuses/References
- Legacy UID: Dorset Sites and Monuments Record: 6 024 105
- Legacy UID: National Monuments Record: SY 99 SW 13
- Legacy UID: National Record of the Historic Environment: 1116956
- National Buildings Record: 55255
Record last edited
Oct 16 2023 1:42PM